---
title_en: "Data Security Technology — Data Security Risk Assessment Method (GB/T 45577-2025)"
title_zh: "数据安全技术 数据安全风险评估方法 (GB/T 45577-2025)"
abbreviation: "GB/T 45577"
hierarchy: "standard"
issuing_body: "Standardization Administration of China; National Information Security Standardization Technical Committee (TC260)"
status: "effective"
related_laws: ["dsl"]
domains: ["data-security"]
url: https://datacompliancechina.com/laws/gbt-45577-data-security-risk-assessment/
summary: "GB/T 45577-2025 is a recommended national standard specifying a method for assessing data security risk. It provides the principles, framework, process and assessment content for identifying and evaluating risks to data across its lifecycle — covering data assets, threats, vulnerabilities, existing safeguards and potential impact — and for rating overall data-security risk. It is a 2025 'Data Security Technology' series standard supporting the risk-assessment duties of the Data Security Law and the network-data regime."
---

> **Source: Data Compliance China** — https://datacompliancechina.com/laws/gbt-45577-data-security-risk-assessment/ · English rendering and annotations by DCC; the Chinese original governs. Cite as: Data Compliance China, "Data Security Technology — Data Security Risk Assessment Method (GB/T 45577-2025)", https://datacompliancechina.com/laws/gbt-45577-data-security-risk-assessment/
> *DCC summary, not a translation.* GB/T 45577-2025 is a copyrighted national standard. The structured summary below is DCC's own paraphrase grounded in the standard's title and number; specific clauses should be checked against the published text.

## Scope

GB/T 45577-2025 specifies a **method for data security risk assessment** — the principles, framework, process and content for identifying, analyzing and evaluating risks to data security across the data lifecycle. It applies to organizations assessing the data-security risk of their own data and processing activities, and is a reference for regulators and third-party assessors.

It is a **recommended** standard in the "Data Security Technology" (数据安全技术) series.

## Key contents

At a structural level the standard is expected to cover:

- **Assessment principles and framework** — an objective, lifecycle-oriented model relating data assets, threats, vulnerabilities, existing security measures, and potential impact.
- **Assessment process** — preparation and scoping; identification of data assets (informed by data classification and grading); identification of threats and vulnerabilities; analysis of existing safeguards; analysis of likelihood and impact; and overall risk determination.
- **Assessment content** — the dimensions to evaluate across the lifecycle (collection, storage, transmission, use, provision, disclosure, deletion), including management and technical safeguards.
- **Risk rating and treatment** — combining likelihood and impact into a risk level and informing risk-treatment recommendations.
- **Reporting** — documentation of the assessment, findings and conclusions.

> *Editor: verify specific clauses against the published standard.*

## How it fits the regime

GB/T 45577 is the data-security analogue of the personal-information impact-assessment standard. The **Data Security Law (DSL)** establishes the data-security management system, the classification-and-grading regime, and risk-monitoring and assessment duties (including, for important data, periodic risk assessments and reporting). This standard supplies a consistent **method** for performing such assessments.

It works alongside **GB/T 43697** (classification and grading — which identifies *which* data is important or core) and the **Network Data Security Management Regulations** (which require risk assessments for important-data processing and other activities). The companion **TC260 *Network Data Security Risk Assessment Implementation Guide*** gives a practice-oriented, step-by-step procedure that aligns with this method. For overseas compliance teams, GB/T 45577 is the reference method for conducting and documenting a defensible data-security risk assessment in China.