DCC summary, not a translation. GB/T 47950-2026 is a copyrighted national standard. The structured summary below is DCC’s own paraphrase of the standard’s framework and information model, prepared for overseas compliance teams advising on data-asset management in China.
Standard number: GB/T 47950-2026 (recommended national standard). ICS / CCS: 03.100.60 / A 02. Issued: 2 July 2026. Effective: 1 September 2026. Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation and the Standardization Administration of China. Administered by: National Technical Committee on Asset Management Standardization (SAC/TC 583). Drafting units: Asset Management Department of the Ministry of Finance; China National Institute of Standardization.
Scope
GB/T 47950-2026 establishes the overall principles for an organization carrying out data-asset registration, and gives guidance on the registration implementers, registration content, registration process and registration system. It applies to organizations registering their data assets.
Two standards are normatively referenced: GB/T 33172 (asset management — overview, principles and terminology) and GB/T 47949 (classification and codes for data assets).
The threshold point for overseas readers: this is internal asset registration, not a state registry filing. Nothing here is submitted to a regulator or a registration institution. The output is the organization’s own data asset card, asset register and accounting books. That distinguishes it sharply from the National Data Administration’s Data Property Rights Registration Work Guide (Trial), where an external registration institution reviews the application, publicly announces it, preserves evidence and issues a certificate.
The vocabulary (Clause 3)
The standard defines six terms, and getting them apart is most of the work of reading it:
- Data asset (数据资产) — a data resource formed by an organization’s past transactions or events, lawfully owned or controlled by the organization, and expected to generate service potential or bring an inflow of economic benefits. (Same definition as GB/T 47949.)
- Data asset confirmation (数据资产确认) — the process by which an organization identifies and judges data resources in accordance with the rules, and manages those meeting the asset-confirmation conditions as data assets. This is the gate the whole process turns on.
- Data asset card (数据资产信息卡) — the carrier recording a data asset’s basic, financial, use, authorization and disposal information.
- Data asset registration (数据资产登记) — the activity of recording confirmed data assets through the data asset card, the asset register, and so on.
- Data asset register (数据资产台账) — the ledger that aggregates data asset card information for recording and managing data assets.
- Data asset subsidiary record (数据资产备查簿) — the memorandum book used for supplementary recording and management of data assets that do not yet meet the conditions for confirmation and registration.
The subsidiary record is the quiet innovation. It gives organizations a defined place to park data resources that are real and managed but not yet confirmable as assets — data whose ownership is unsettled, whose economic benefit is not yet demonstrable, or whose value cannot yet be measured reliably. Without it, the practical choice would be premature recognition or invisibility.
Overall principles (Clause 4)
Three principles govern the exercise:
- Security (安全性) — the organization’s entire process of data-asset formation and registration activity shall comply with data-security and cybersecurity requirements.
- Compliance (合规性) — the organization shall establish and improve management measures ensuring that the source, the application and the registration activities of data assets are compliant end to end.
- Traceability (可追溯性) — the organization shall adopt appropriate technical measures to ensure the full lifecycle of data-asset registration is traceable.
These are short clauses doing real work: they route the Data Security Law and the personal-information regime into the asset-registration process as a precondition, rather than treating asset management as a purely financial exercise. A data asset whose source is non-compliant is not registrable under this standard.
Who does the registering (Clause 5)
The standard allocates registration work across four internal functions — the list is expressly non-exhaustive:
| Function | Role in registration |
|---|---|
| Departments/posts responsible for acquisition, production, operation and use of data assets | Provide the underlying element information for registration |
| Departments/posts responsible for data-asset management | Register the data asset card; aggregate and manage the data asset register |
| Departments/posts responsible for accounting | Register the accounting vouchers and books relating to the data asset |
| Departments/posts responsible for data technology and informatization management | Conduct the data-asset compliance review |
Placing compliance review with the data-technology/informatization function — rather than with finance or legal — is a deliberate choice, and it recurs at every stage of the process below.
Registration content (Clause 6)
Registration is dual: an asset-management track and an accounting track, run in parallel.
6.1 Asset register registration. Under the organization’s asset-management rules, the data asset card is used to register additions, use and disposal of data assets and to maintain that record on an ongoing basis, aggregating into the data asset register. Registration information includes, without limitation: asset name, original value, amortization status, data source, data scale, update frequency, ownership information, whether ownership has been registered, and whether the asset is under authorized operation.
Two mechanics are worth isolating:
- 6.1.2 — external authorization does not write down the asset. Where an organization grants externally the data-processing use right or the data-product operating right, it marks the authorization on its own data asset card. Provided this does not affect the organization’s continued ownership or control of the data asset, it need not reduce or write off its own data asset. This is the register-level expression of data’s non-exclusivity: licensing data out is not disposing of it. It is also the point at which this standard and the property-rights track speak to each other, since the NDA guide treats the Right to Use and the Right to Operate as independently transferable.
- 6.1.3 — identifiers and classification. Asset numbers in the registration process use unique code identifiers, and asset classification is performed in accordance with GB/T 47949.
6.2 Accounting book registration. Under the accounting-standards regime, the organization registers data-asset accounting vouchers and books on the basis of original vouchers, recording the related financial information comprehensively, systematically, continuously and by classification. Registration information should include, without limitation: voucher number, account subject, abstract, debit, credit, amount, bookkeeper, reviewer and bookkeeping date.
The registration process (Clause 7)
The Clause 7.1 flow chart is the clearest statement of the standard’s logic:
Organization → judge whether the data-asset confirmation conditions are met (compliance review) → if yes, initial registration; if not yet, enter into the asset subsidiary record.
After initial registration → judge whether the registration information has changed (compliance review) → change registration.
→ judge whether the deregistration conditions are met (compliance review) → deregistration.
Each of the three registration types then runs through the same four-role sequence.
7.2 Initial registration. Before initial registration, the organization judges whether the data resource meets the data-asset confirmation conditions; where it does not yet do so, it is first entered into the asset subsidiary record. The main process:
- (a) The acquisition / production / operation / use departments provide the initial-registration content and supporting materials:
- Acquisition — procurement approval certification, the lawful data-asset transaction contract, and lawful transaction vouchers;
- Production — the relevant certification materials and production vouchers;
- Authorized operation — lawful authorized-operation approval materials, the lawful authorized-operation agreement, and processing/operating vouchers;
- Use — receipt records, purpose, usage status, usage direction, user, and asset status.
- (b) The data-asset management department verifies the asset and its acquisition/production/operation/use information, initiates the application to create a data asset card, and — after the relevant procedures — completes the card and register registration.
- (c) The finance department checks the related vouchers, initiates the application for accounting-voucher and book registration, and completes it after the relevant procedures.
- (d) The data-technology and informatization management department conducts the compliance review of the initial registration.
7.3 Change registration and 7.4 Deregistration follow the identical four-step pattern — business department supplies materials, asset-management department verifies and updates the card and register, finance updates vouchers and books as needed, data-technology performs the compliance review. Deregistration is triggered by confirmation that the data asset has terminated.
Registration system (Clause 8)
8.1 Organizations should use asset-management digital tools to carry out data-asset registration, and those tools’ functions and performance should meet the needs of data asset card, register and accounting-book registration.
8.2 Registration information comprises basic, financial, use, authorization and disposal information, refined according to the organization’s data-asset management needs. Annex A works the information points using administrative institutions (行政事业单位) as the applicable example.
The registration data model (Annex A, informative)
Annex A is the part a systems team will actually build against. Five tables:
A.1 Basic information — asset number; unit accounting subject; asset name; asset classification (per GB/T 47949); unit of measure (per GB/T 47949); geographic coverage of the data (per administrative-division designation, e.g. Beijing Municipality / Beijing / Xicheng District); update frequency (real-time / daily / monthly / annual / no update / other); data record date (recorded together with the corresponding number of data items, record count and data volume); circulation type (directly tradable / not directly tradable); data source (self-produced / obtained by agreement / publicly collected / other); acquisition date; data form (dataset / data report / other); ownership information (holding right / use right / operating right — multi-select); and a data-asset description.
A.2 Financial information — value type; funding source, split between fiscal appropriation and non-fiscal appropriation; asset original value; average price / unit price; financial booking status (booked / not yet booked); bookkeeping date; bookkeeping voucher number; amortization status; amortization method; amortization period in years/months; monthly amortization amount; residual value rate; months already amortized; accumulated amortization; net value; and the finance officer responsible.
A.3 Use information — asset status; whether used in transactions (Y/N); managing department; cumulative transaction-use value; manager; trading-platform name; sharing type (unconditional sharing / conditional sharing / not shared); the valuation institution for the traded subject matter; openness type (unconditionally open / conditionally open / not open); the appraised value of the traded subject matter; using unit(s), listed separately where several are involved; the valuation date for the traded subject matter; and the responsible subject for use (unit / department-level office / individual).
A.4 Authorization information — whether subject to authorized operation (Y/N); the authorized operating entity; and the start and end times of authorized operation in YYYYMMDD form. The latter three are mandatory once “authorized operation” is answered yes.
A.5 Disposal information — form of disposal (change, deregistration, etc.); disposal channel; disposal time; and disposal proceeds.
Read as a whole, the model is notable for how much circulation and authorization data it pulls into what is nominally an asset ledger. Sharing type, openness type, trading platform, appraised value, valuation institution and authorized-operation term are all fields on the asset card. The register is being built to answer market-side questions, not only accounting ones.
How it fits the regime
GB/T 47950 is the operating manual for the asset-management half of China’s data-asset architecture, and it should be read as one of a matched pair with GB/T 47949: the classification standard supplies the code and the unit of measure, this standard supplies the process, the roles and the information model. Both were issued on 2 July 2026 by SAC/TC 583 and take effect on 1 September 2026.
Above them sits the Ministry of Finance’s policy layer — the Guiding Opinions on Strengthening Data Asset Management (财资〔2023〕141号), the Interim Provisions on the Accounting Treatment of Enterprise Data Resources (财会〔2023〕11号), and the Notice on Strengthening Data Asset Management of Administrative Institutions (财资〔2024〕1号) — together with the Regulations on the Administration of State-Owned Assets of Administrative Institutions (State Council Order No. 738) and the Provisions on Certain Issues in State-Owned Asset Valuation Administration (MOF Order No. 14). Those instruments told organizations to manage data as an asset; this standard tells them how the register is kept.
The distinction that matters most for overseas counsel is the one between this standard and the Data Property Rights Registration Work Guide (Trial). Both are called “registration”; they are different acts:
| GB/T 47950 (asset registration) | NDA Trial Guide (data property rights registration) | |
|---|---|---|
| Registrar | The organization itself | An NDA-catalogued registration institution |
| Output | Data asset card, asset register, accounting books | Property-rights certificate, publicly announced and evidence-preserved |
| Question answered | Is this an asset of ours, and what is it worth? | Who holds which right (hold / use / operate) over this data? |
| Effect | Internal asset management, accounting, reporting | External proof of attribution in transactions, financing, disputes |
| Voluntary? | Follows from asset-management duties | Voluntary application |
They interlock rather than compete — the asset card has a field for whether ownership has been registered, which is precisely the NDA certificate. An organization pursuing data-asset capitalization will generally need both.
For the practical stakes, see DCC’s briefs on when data becomes an asset — which works through the same confirmation test this standard’s Clause 3.2 codifies — and on the reviewer’s checklist in property-rights registration, which covers the other track.